Detailed pressure distribution measurements obtained on several configurations of an aspect-ratio-7 variable twist wing

Detailed pressure distribution measurements were made for 11 twist configurations of a unique, multisegmented wing model having an aspect ratio of 7 and a taper ratio of 1. These configurations encompassed span loads ranging from that of an untwisted wing to simple flapped wings both with and without upper-surface spoilers attached. For each of the wing twist configurations, electronic scanning pressure transducers were used to obtain 580 surface pressure measurements over the wing in about 0.1 sec. Integrated pressure distribution measurements compared favorably with force-balance measurements of lift on the model when the model centerbody lift was included. Complete plots and tabulations of the pressure distribution data for each wing twist configuration are provided

Assets at risk:menstrual cycle variation in the envisioned formidability of a potential sexual assailant reveals a component of threat assessment

Abstract Situations of potential agonistic conflict demand rapid and effective deci-sion-making. The process of threat assessment includes assessments of relative fighting capacity, assessments of the likelihood of attack, and assessments of the extent to which one′s assets are at risk. The dimensions of physical size and strength appear to serve as key parameters in a cognitive representation summarizing multiple constituents of threat assessment. Here, we examine the thesis that this same representation summa-rizes asset risk. The fitness costs of sexual assault are in part a function of conception risk, as pregnancy due to assault compromises female choice and imperils existing and subsequent male investment. Prior research indicates that women′s attitudes and behaviors vary systematically across the menstrual cycle in a manner that would have reduced the likelihood of sexual assault during periods of greatest fertility in ancestral women. If the envisioned size and strength of a potential antagonist is used to represent asset risk, and if the threat that sexual assault poses to a woman′s reproductive assets is in part a product of her fertility, then the conceptualized size and strength of a potential sexual assailant should be a function of conception risk. We find support for thi

Exploring the Value of Group and Traditional Obstetrical Appointments to Reduce Health Disparity

Disparity in health outcomes is influenced by socioeconomic factors that may include access to important healthcare information in a culturally sensitive way. Can a group appointment model like the CenteringPregnancy model provide a more effective means for engaging Spanish-speaking pregnant women? Research studies using the group prenatal appointment model show increased pregnancy knowledge, readiness for labor and higher satisfaction compared with individual prenatal appointments. This paper discusses the importance of reducing disparities in birth outcomes using a group appointment model conducted in partial fulfillment for the Doctor of Nursing Practice degree

Work, industrialisation and politics: a study of the work experience of spinners, coalminers and engineering workers, 1850-1914

The thesis is designed to demonstrate the importance of work experience in explaining the ideology and organisational structure of the labour movement during 1850-1914. To do this three contrasting occupations - textile, coal and engineering workers - are examined. It is argued that the significance of craft unionism did not lie essentially in the nature of the skill involved, but in the strategy of social action adopted by the union to maintain its interests. To do this the following must be researched: (1) the consequences of pioneer industrialisation, the narrow base of the technological breakthrough, and the ‘late’ arrival of competition. (2) The economic and social structures of the three industries, focusing particularly on markets, unit size, capital/labour ratio, concentration or dispersal geographically, technology and working methods. (3) The labour aristocracy question. The politics of 'labourism'. (4) A theoretical statement of the relation between work and industrialisation. (5) The history of working methods in the three industries, in particular, the extent and nature of control, socio-technical constraints on workgroups, the internal hierarchy within the occupation, the degree of resistance to change. The impact on the rest of the workforce of the strategies adopted. (6) The significance of the incentive principle in the ideological development of the three occupational groups. From this basis It will be argued that an understanding of work experience has been undervalued in past evaluations of the labour movement, and in particular the explanations of ‘reformist’ or 'corporate' responses to industrialisation

Some Notes on Theories of Technology, Society and Innovation Systems for S&T Policy Studies

This paper is an examination of technological determinism – the shaping of society by technology – and the influence of society on the evolution of technology

Regional Innovation Systems Within a Federation: Do National Policies Affect all Regions Equally

This paper is an initial result of research being carried out through the Innovation Systems Research Network (ISRN). The ISRN cluster project results should contribute to the development of a theoretical insight on regional innovations systems (RIS) and clusters. The purpose of this discussion is to test the proposition that the Canadian national innovation systems (NIS) are greater than the sum of its component RIS

La Grippe

n/

A Debate on Innovation Surveys

This paper provides an evaluation of the process of innovation surveys around the world, and proposes a reframing of the current system around the following conceptual and methodological dichotomies: manufacturing vs. service sectors; private vs. public sectors; high-tech vs low-tech; industrial classification vs clusters; new to the firm vs new to the market; successful vs. unsuccessful firms; and managers vs. line innovators

Living in a Battleground: Presidential Campaigns and Fundamental Predictors of Vote Choice

Little evidence links the strategic decisions of campaigns to individual-level voting behavior. Yet for campaigns to matter in the way that experts argue, exposure to campaigns must also matter so there should be observable differences in the structure of vote choice between battleground and non-battleground states. Combining presidential campaign data with the Senate Election Study, we show that intense campaigning can activate factors like race, ideology, partisanship, and presidential approval. We find that the campaigns affected different variables in 1988 than in 1992, which we hypothesize is the consequence of campaign messages

Comparisons of Strychnine and Zinc Phosphide in Prairie Dog Control

Efficacy and safety are primary considerations in registration and use of toxicants for vertebrate pest control. Strychnine (0.5%) and zinc phosphide (2%) are currently registered by EPA for prairie dog control, but continued registration is uncertain. Two percent zinc phosphide bait has been suspected of producing lower and more erratic results than strychnine bait. In our study in western Nebraska in fall 1984, indices based on changes in burrow activity showed no difference in efficacy (P =0.66) or variability (P= 0.7) of control for strychnine and zinc phosphide, however neither toxicant consistently gave effective control or black-tailed prairie dogs. Costs for proper control (prebait and poison) were similar for strychnine and zinc phosphide. For clean-up or surviving prairie dogs, fumigation with aluminum phosphide was more effective than shooting and more cost effective than shooting combined with fumigation. Observed nontarget wildlife losses (4 horned larks and 2 lagomorphs) were small and of doubtful biological significance. Availability of both strychnine and zinc phosphide is part of the flexibility needed in an integrated approach to prairie dog control. Also, there is need for additional toxicants or methods that will give more consistently efficacious control